It can be done, here is an example :
wine "Blizzard Updater.exe" --locale="frFR" --patchlist="..\\Updates\\sc2-16117-16195-x86-Win-enGB-campaign" --patchlist="..\\Updates\\sc2-16117-16195-x86-Win-enGB-game" --patchlist="..\\Updates\\sc2-16117-16195-x86-Win-enGB-locale" --patchlist="..\\Updates\\sc2-16117-16195-x86-Win-frFR-locale"
As you can see :
-Patch files must be un the
Updates folder of the game (create it if needed)
-Even if you use another locale, the
enGB (Europe) or
enUS (USA) files must be applied
-Patch must be applied in a precide order : campain->game->locale en->other locale
BTW, SC2 patching is marked as working and the game rated Platinum in
AppDB with wine 1.3.6 so using this version it must work without patch manually.